I was at the Sultanahmet entrance of the historic Gülhane Park. The road climbing up right next to it led me first to the Imperial Mint and then to the Archaeology Museum. The mystical, historic atmosphere we felt along the way became even more palpable at the museum entrance. The first thing that caught my attention was that the museum consists of three parts: the Museum of the Ancient Orient on the left and the Tiled Kiosk Museum further ahead. Visitors to the Archaeology Museum also get the chance to see these.

First, the statues in the museum garden caught my eye; I assume they are kept outside because they don’t fit inside. I had visited the museum long ago, and I noticed that the fish pond in the garden had been filled in and statues found in the ancient city of Iasos were now displayed in its place. To be honest, I would have preferred to toss some bread to the fish in the garden instead of seeing the Iasos statues. However, my research showed that these statues were brought here after nearly fifty years of excavation work, with the help of an Italian technical team, and that had they not been brought here, they would have ended up as stones in the wall of the Bebek pier. That changed my mind about the fish pond.

Istanbul Archaeology Museum

When I walked through the door, a large statue greeted me, almost welcoming me. Continuing to the left, the Osman Hamdi Bey Hall and the room displaying the Royal Necropolis of Sidon stood out, with a room design that reflected the mystery of what it contained. In the middle of the room lay the mummy of Tabnit, King of Sidon. Despite the centuries that have passed, it is only slightly deformed, practically proof of how advanced the art of mummification was at that time. It was so well preserved that you could even make out the internal organs. Among the sarcophagi in the room, the one that impressed me most was the Lycian Sarcophagus. Its carvings of mounted warriors depicted how the person inside had died, and the craftsmanship was superb (see Image 2).

Sarcophagus

Another room was dedicated to the Royal Necropolis of Sidon. Besides the sarcophagi and other works from that period, the magnificent carving of the Alexander Sarcophagus in its glass case, the scenes it depicts and the detail in them showed just how much importance people attached to death and the afterlife. And of course, there was the Sarcophagus of the Mourning Women. Unlike the others, it did not depict war or how someone died; instead, it was fascinating for its eighteen women shown in different poses of sorrow and weeping. For a moment you wonder: why eighteen, and why eighteen women in different states of mourning? In places like this, you get carried away and start looking for a code or a mystery. According to my research, they are believed to represent the wives and the women of the deceased’s harem, but for some reason I still think there is a mystery and a charm to it (see Image 3).

Sarcophagus of the Mourning Women

After seeing the panel describing the sarcophagi inside the museum, I realized I couldn’t write about all of them here. Overall, the museum is extremely rich in sarcophagi. Finally, there is the Sidamara Sarcophagus, found in Konya, whose carving and detail surpass even the first two I described; its reliefs are more than enough to let you live a brief moment from that period.

Other interesting works in the museum are the floor mosaics. The first one I came across was a Roman-era floor mosaic found on Kos. Its colors were still vivid, though not as much as they must have been at the time. Its scenes depicted the animals and nature of the period, reflecting that era like a mirror for anyone curious about it.

Upstairs, the official and other correspondence written for the founding of the archaeology museum was on display. Since I studied Persian, I remember trying to read the first lines of that old document requesting staff for the Tiled Kiosk. Further along the room, the statue of Emperor Hadrian can offer thoughtful visitors a wealth of information, from the clothing of the time to the weather.

A little further on, vessels that I believe date from the Greek period, everyday tools, perfume bottles, hunting tools, water jugs, jewelry and cooking pots showed that, whatever the era, humans never lost their ability to produce and create; on the contrary, in every era they developed technologies suited to the conditions of their time, and their skill in using their minds kept growing. The perfume bottles in particular were the ancient reflection of today’s perfumes. Once again I saw and confirmed that no era was a dark age and no era was superior to another; each had its own beauty. A small miniature of the Trojan Horse brought history to life at the entrance of the children’s room, which is currently closed.

After the Greek and Roman works and the sarcophagi unearthed in other Turkish cities, some pieces of history excavated in Istanbul, brought to light from beneath the land we live on, took us on an exciting journey through what the people who lived here before us did. Sarcophagi recovered from the Golden Horn, Byzantine bone and glass objects, Byzantine mosaics I had never seen before, serpent-head sculptures, water pipes from that period and glassware once again gave me the feeling of living in that era, if only a little. These objects were a clear example of how much importance people then gave to art and how advanced they were in the technologies of their time (see Image 4).

Byzantine artifacts

As we reached the end of our visit, the huge six-column entrance of an ancient palace standing in all its splendor just to our left was a unique opportunity to learn about the architecture of that period. I admired its carvings, and I was left with many questions about how such a large and solid structure could be built without today’s construction technology.

As I left the museum, in an area right next to Gülhane Park, probably where the museum’s storage opens to the outside, I saw hundreds of ancient statues lying around unattended, unprotected from the weather, with no indication of which period they belonged to. Seeing these historic statues and artifacts in that state saddened me deeply. I would like to end with these words: history is a heritage that must be passed on to our children.